Nonlinear beam shaper for femtosecond laser pulses, from Gaussian to flat-top profile

Abstract : We present a straightforward method to transform a spatially Gaussian femtosecond laser beam into a flattop shaped beam. The proposed technique takes advantage of a nonlinear phase induced in positive Kerr medium followed by a simple optical system. The variation of the refractive index with the laser intensity creates a phase plate which induces changes in the beam profile after propagation; flat-top and doughnut profiles are observed. The shaping conditions are computed numerically and confirmed experimentally. The method does not introduce energy losses. The device is very simple, self-regulated, flexible and does not need a manufactured phase plate or precise alignment. This method can be useful for light-matter interaction and laser machining. Cop 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.