The First Fermi Large Area Telescope Catalog of Gamma-ray Pulsars

A. A. Abdo , Markus Ackermann , Marco Ajello , W. B. Atwood , Magnus Axelsson , Luca Baldini , Jean Ballet (1) , Guido Barbiellini , M. G. Baring , D. Bastieri , B. M. Baughman , K. Bechtol , R. Bellazzini (1) , B. Berenji , R. D. Blandford , E. D. Bloom , E. Bonamente , A. W. Borgland , J. Bregeon (2) , A. Brez , M. Brigida , Pascal Bruel (3) , T. H. Burnett , S. Buson , G. A. Caliandro , R. A. Cameron , F. Camilo , P. A. Caraveo , J. M. Casandjian (1) , C. Cecchi , O. Celik , E. Charles (1) , A. Chekhtman , C. C. Cheung , J. Chiang , S. Ciprini , R. Claus , Ismaël Cognard (4) , J. Cohen-Tanugi (5) , L. R. Cominsky , J. Conrad , R. Corbet , S. Cutini , P. R. den Hartog , C. D. Dermer , A. de Angelis , A. de Luca , F. de Palma , S. W. Digel , M. Dormody , E. Do Couto E Silva , P. S. Drell , R. Dubois , D. Dumora (2) , C. Espinoza , C. Farnier (5) , C. Favuzzi , S. J. Fegan (3) , E. C. Ferrara , W. B. Focke , P. Fortin (3) , M. Frailis , P. C. C. Freire , Y. Fukazawa , S. Funk , P. Fusco , F. Gargano , D. Gasparrini , N. Gehrels , S. Germani , G. Giavitto , B. Giebels (3) , N. Giglietto , P. Giommi , F. Giordano , T. Glanzman , G. Godfrey , E. V. Gotthelf , I. A. Grenier (1) , M.-H. Grondin (2) , J. E. Grove , L. Guillemot (2) , S. Guiriec (5) , C. Gwon , Y. Hanabata , A. K. Harding , M. Hayashida , E. Hays , R. E. Hughes , M. S. Jackson , G. Johannesson , A. S. Johnson , R. P. Johnson , T. J. Johnson , W. N. Johnson , S. Johnston , T. Kamae , G. Kanbach , V. M. Kaspi , H. Katagiri , J. Kataoka , N. Kawai , M. Kerr , Jürgen Knödlseder (6) , M. L. Kocian , M. Kramer , M. Kuss , J. Lande , L. Latronico , M. Lemoine-Goumard (2) , M. Livingstone , F. Longo , F. Loparco , B. Lott (2) , M. N. Lovellette , P. Lubrano , A. G. Lyne , G. M. Madejski , A. Makeev , R. N. Manchester , M. Marelli , M. N. Mazziotta , W. Mcconville , J. E. Mcenery , S. Mcglynn , C. Meurer , P. F. Michelson , T. Mineo , W. Mitthumsiri , T. Mizuno , A. A. Moiseev , C. Monte , M. E. Monzani , A. Morselli , I. V. Moskalenko , S. Murgia , T. Nakamori , P. L. Nolan , J. P. Norris , A. Noutsos , E. Nuss (5) , T. Ohsugi , N. Omodei , E. Orlando , J. F. Ormes , M. Ozaki , D. Paneque , J. H. Panetta , D. Parent (2) , V. Pelassa (5) , M. Pepe , M. Pesce-Rollins , F. Piron (5) , T.A. Porter , S. Rain'O , R. Rando , S. M. Ransom , P. S. Ray , M. Razzano , N. Rea , A. Reimer , O. Reimer , T. Reposeur (2) , S. Ritz , A. Y. Rodriguez , R. W. Romani , M. Roth , F. Ryde , H. F.-W. Sadrozinski , D. Sanchez (3) , A. Sander , P. M. Saz Parkinson , J. D. Scargle (1) , T. L. Schalk , A. Sellerholm , C. Sgro (3) , E. J. Siskind , David Stanley Smith (2) , P. D. Smith , G. Spandre , P. Spinelli , B. W. Stappers , Jean-Luc Starck (1) , E. Striani , M. S. Strickman , A. W. Strong , D. J. Suson , H. Tajima , H. Takahashi , T. Takahashi , T. Tanaka , J. B. Thayer , J. G. Thayer , G. Theureau (4) , D. J. Thompson , S. E. Thorsett , L. Tibaldo (1) , O. Tibolla , D. F. Torres , G. Tosti , A. Tramacere , Y. Uchiyama , T. L. Usher , A. van Etten , V. Vasileiou , C. Venter , N. Vilchez (6) , V. Vitale , A. P. Waite , P. Wang , N. Wang , K. Watters , P. Weltevrede , B. L. Winer , K. S. Wood , T. Ylinen , M. Ziegler

1 AIM (UMR7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112) - Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation
2 CENBG - Centre d'Etudes Nucléaires de Bordeaux Gradignan
3 LLR - Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet
4 LPCE - Laboratoire de physique et chimie de l'environnement
5 LPTA - Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Astroparticules
6 CESR - Centre d'étude spatiale des rayonnements

The dramatic increase in the number of known gamma-ray pulsars since the launch of the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope (formerly GLAST) offers the first opportunity to study a population of these high-energy objects. This catalog summarizes 46 high-confidence pulsed detections using the first six months of data taken by the Large Area Telescope (LAT), Fermi's main instrument. Sixteen previously unknown pulsars were discovered by searching for pulsed signals at the positions of bright gamma-ray sources seen with the LAT, or at the positions of objects suspected to be neutron stars based on observations at other wavelengths. Pulsed gamma-ray emission was discovered from twenty-four known pulsars by using ephemerides (timing solutions) derived from monitoring radio pulsars. Eight of these new gamma-ray pulsars are millisecond pulsars. The pulsed energy spectra can be described by a power law with an exponential cutoff, with cutoff energies in the range 1 to 5 GeV. The rotational energy loss rate (\dot{E}) of these neutron stars spans 5 decades, from ~3x10^{33} erg/s to 5x10^{38} erg/s, and the apparent efficiencies for conversion to gamma-ray emission range from ~0.1% to unity, although distance uncertainties complicate efficiency estimates. The pulse shapes show substantial diversity, but roughly 75% of the gamma-ray pulse profiles have two peaks, separated by >0.2 of rotational phase. For most of the pulsars, gamma-ray emission appears to come mainly from the outer magnetosphere, while polar-cap emission remains plausible for a remaining few. Finally, these discoveries suggest that gamma-ray-selected young pulsars are born at a rate comparable to that of their radio-selected cousins and that the birthrate of all young gamma-ray-detected pulsars is a substantial fraction of the expected Galactic supernova rate.

Mots clés: stars: neutron; pulsars: general; catalogs; gamma rays: general

Domaines: Phénomènes cosmiques de haute energie [astro-ph.HE]; Phénomènes cosmiques de haute energie [astro-ph.HE]

A. A. Abdo, Markus Ackermann, Marco Ajello, W. B. Atwood, Magnus Axelsson, et al.. The First Fermi Large Area Telescope Catalog of Gamma-ray Pulsars. The Astrophysical Journal Supplement, 2010, 187, pp.460-494. ⟨10.1088/0067-0049/187/2/460⟩. ⟨in2p3-00483013⟩